Managing Difficult Family Relationships
May 24th, 2007 by Holly Pedersen, MFT. Ph.D.
As a marriage and family therapist, I have encountered many clients who struggle with painful, unhealthy, or simply dissatisfying relationships with siblings, parents and other family members. Unlike friendships and romantic relationships, which you choose based on your common interests, chemistry, shared sense of humor, mutual appreciation of each other’s qualities, enjoyment of your time together, etc. your family is a group of individuals you are born into, with whom you may only share a common history or upbringing. Many people say they wouldn’t have chosen their family, or to be in a relationship with certain family members. And, while we can’t choose our family of origin, we can choose what kind of relationship to have with family members.
Here are the steps to take to manage difficult family relationships:
1. Identify what feels uncomfortable, unhealthy or dissatisfying in your relationship. Is there a history of abuse in the relationship that continues to haunt you and make you feel unsafe? Or, is there emotional or verbal abuse still occurring? Or, is your family member just simply someone who you can’t connect with or relate to, or someone who you just don’t really like? The reason for the discomfort is important, because it guides you in deciding how or if to relate to this family member.
2. Then ask yourself: Is this family member someone I want to have some kind of relationship with? Determine if your desire to have a relationship with this family member is coming strictly from a sense of obligation or feeling that you “should” have a relationship with him or her, or whether it is also coming from a place of genuine interest in being connected to this person. Maybe it is a little bit of both, which is normal. If it is just obligation you are feeling toward this person, this may help you decide what kind of relationship — if any — to maintain with him or her. Relationships that are solely based on obligation can be very draining, emotionally and physically, so you may want to consider limiting time, energy and contact within this type of connection.
3. Next determine what kind of relationship you would want to have — a close one where you speak or see each other on a weekly basis? A more distant one where you connect once or twice a year, or see each other only at big family gatherings? A relationship that consists of emails or phone calls only? There are different kinds of relationships, and it is important to give yourself permission to have any kind of relationship — or no relationship, depending on the circumstances — with family members. A lot of people get stuck believing that they must have a close relationship with parents and siblings. This isn’t always possible or healthy. It is okay to maintain a more distant or superficial connection, if this is what is healthy for you. Again, this may take coming to terms with this reality — which can be a challenge. After all, it is normal to fantasize about being “best friends” with a sister or brother, or being able to confide in a parent. It is a loss to NOT be able to have these kinds of relationships with family, AND there are other ways to get these needs met — i.e. through friends, your romantic partner.
4. Next ask yourself: is there a way to heal, repair, or resolve the problem with this family member? Would this require a conversation? A series of conversations? Would it require entering therapy together? Is time and distance the answer? It is important to remember: if you decide to try to heal, repair or rebuild this relationship, you can control only your own part in the healing process. In order for the relationship to be fully repaired and improved, your family member also needs to contribute to the process. Your family member may or may not be willing or able to do his/her part to rebuild or change the relationship. If your family member cannot or will not participate in repairing the relationship, you may need to re-evaluate whether or not to maintain this relationship.
And, it is also important to be realistic in your expectations of this person and the situation. For example, if the real problem for you is that your sister is just an insensitive person with anger control issues, you need to know that she may not be able or willing to change. Or, if you are dealing with an alcoholic family member who refuses to seek treatment, you need to decide if you can have a relationship with this person under these conditions. Because you cannot count on these individuals changing; instead you need to decide if you can maintain a relationship with them as they are now.
5. If there is no way for you to feel safe and healthy with a member of your family– for instance if the history of abuse is traumatic and there has been no acknowledgement of, or attempt to repair from, the abuse by the perpetrator, OR if some kind of abuse continues to happen — then find a way to limit or cut off contact. Take care of yourself. You have a choice — and the right — to maintain or sever a relationship with a family member.
6. And, finally, if necessary, create your own family or support system. This allows you to actually choose people who actively support you, people who you like, admire, respect and feel safe with. Seek out supportive friendships and other relationships with people who are consistent and reliable. Feed these relationships by maintaining regular contact, reciprocating support, and including these individuals in your celebrations, holiday plans, and other rituals. This “family of choice” can help you to feel a part of a larger group of loving, caring individuals.
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